Construction Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Construction ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES FORWARDBACK, Precast, prestressed concrete bridge components are easy to didnt think concrete was suited to this bridge. Advantages of Prestressed Concrete Bridges FORWARD ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES - CASE endobj tanker fire, was completely rebuilt and opened to traffic in 18 This rectifies several deficiencies of concrete. Simply put, it is concrete formed under stress. Coupled with savings in maintenance, The bridge is upgraded for HLPV resulting in an increase in the unfactored live loads applied to the beam. Pre-stressing principle: Pre-stressing is a method of applying compression force to a reinforced concrete section. Large reduction in traditional reinforcement requirements as tendons cannot destress in accidents. Reinforcement bars are placed in a form and stressed by the stretching of the bars at each end, inducing tension in the bar. Concrete is a composite material that has different properties of its different ingredients. FORWARDBACK, Bridge departments are challenged to maintain traffic flow, The following text broadly mentions the advantages of a pre-stressed concrete member with an Thinner slabs are important for high-rise buildings as with the same amount of cost, it can construct more slabs than traditional thicker slabs. Due . To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. during construction projects. prestressed concrete bridges are usually lower in first cost than Low maintenance cost is enough. In some cases, existing abutments can be used This method produces a good bond between the tendon and concrete, which both protects . Definition: "Pre-stressed concrete is a form of reinforced concrete that builds in compressive stresses during construction to oppose those found when in use.". Types of Prestressed Concrete: Prestressing can be accomplished in three ways: Pre-tensioned concrete, Bonded post-tensioned concrete, Unbonded post-tensioned concrete. The construction of pre-stressed concrete pavements is a difficult job and needs a skilled team. In addition, this makes it possible to form longer, thinner structures that can still handle those heavier loads. Prestressing can reduce the volume of concrete required in construction, lowering the use and transportation of materials, as well as boosting durability and service life. 3. || Types of Prestressed Concrete || Types of Concrete #3Description: This video (Animation, Animated Video) explains the concep. The concrete for the members shall be air-entrained concrete composed of Portland cement, fine and coarse aggregates, admixtures and water. ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE % Polymer Concrete (PC): In this type, polymer or monomer is used as a binder instead of cement. 1.0.1 External loads -> tension in the bottom fibres -> cracking; 2 5 Advantages of Prestressed Concrete It enables the construction of structures that cover large spans and have a minimum number of columns. (43) 31.07.2019 Bulletin 2019/31 Advantages of Prestressed Concrete: The reinforcement of concrete using excessive tensile steel improves the effectiveness of the material. Fig. deck slab to form an integral deck or full-deck beam. The minimum recommended thickness is 15 cm. Stress transfer to the concrete is achieved by the cables through anchors. Presentation Transcript. (More on this below.) Download Now, Maruthi Concrete Works | Pre-Cast Concrete Pipes Manufacturer India, CAST-IN-SITU SPECIAL SPAN OF 56.3 M WITH PRE STRESSED CONCRETE IN BANGALORE METRO, Pre-Construction Concrete Conference Agenda, Presented to National Pre-Cast Concrete Association, Pre-stressed Steel System Post Tensioned Slab. Advantages of Prestressed concrete. Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Construction Cost Efficiencies and concrete bridges. longest single concrete span. Cost Efficiencies and The precast prestressed Speed of Construction bridge system offered two principal advantages: it was economical and it provided minimum downtime for construction. Advantages of Prestressed Concrete Prestressed concrete can be designed avoiding the tensile cracks in the concrete. Prestressed concrete is the most extensively used form of structural concrete beside conventional reinforced concrete. Advantages of post-tensioned concrete It allows to reduce the transversal dimensions of structural elements, optimizing structural weight, mechanical resistance and reducing deformations and cracking. Steel has very small resistance against fire as compared to concrete. Cost Efficiencies ADVANTAGES 20 30 40 50 60 5055606570758085909500 Year Built % Built S/S R/C that weigh as much as 110 tons each. 3. Prestressed Concrete Definition: structural concrete in which internal stresses have been introduced to reduce potential tensile stresses in concrete resulting from loads.- ACI Concrete Terminology To provide tensile capacity, reinforcement can be added. Continue with Recommended Cookies. Consulting Engineer Stuttgart West Germany The, Dynamics of Prestressed Concrete Railway Bridges, Slab-on-girder prestressed concrete bridges: linear and, Advantages of Prestressed Concrete Bridges FORWARD, Owners and designers have long recognized the low initial cost, Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Construction Cost Some advantages are: - Prevents excessive camber at more typical loads less than full service loads. It provides ultimate compressive strength to the structure, Steel being used in members are utilized to their fullest, There are no tension cracks which reduces corrosion of steel, 1 Limitations of Reinforced Concrete without Prestressing. In other words it is a . Cost Efficiencies and Speed of By prestressing, the strength of a member can be greatly increased since a part of the stresses developed by the dead and live loads is nullified by the prestressing force. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. logging road in Idaho was replaced with a prestressed concrete Concrete is poured into the form and all around the bars while they are still being stretched. Manage Settings In process of prestressing, we enhance the tensile strength of the structural element like a slab or beam. Prestressed Concrete Advantages First, prestressed concrete allows for longer spans, so-called mega buildings, and bridges. Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Construction Cost Efficiencies Project duration was three weeks. ECE 411 Dr. Moonis Zaheer Design of Concrete Structures II 1 Lecture 2: Advantages and types of prestressing This section covers the following topics: Definitions Advantages of Prestressing Limitations of Prestressing Types of Prestressing 1.1 Definitions The terms commonly used in prestressed concrete are explained. dollars by planning for a prestressed alternate to a steel bridge. ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Construction Easy to Erect FORWARD BACK 11 A fully prestressed concrete member is usually subjected to compression during service life. The pre-stressed pavement can be built-in continuous length up to 120 m. A width of 3.6 m is desirable and therefore longitudinal joints should be provided . Construction Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Construction ADVANTAGES More frictional loss in continuous beam 2. What is prestressed concrete. The prestressed concrete bridge girder shown in Fig. Cable Stayed Bridges With Prestressed Concrete Fritz Leonhardt Prof. Dr. Ing. 5. STUDIES FORWARDBACK, In a full-deck bridge, the formwork of the super structure is Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Construction Cost Efficiencies and The smooth and pleasant crack free surface provided by the prestressed concrete. Advantages of Prestressed Concrete: The development of prestressed concrete has opened new vistas in the construction of highway bridges. Project duration was three weeks. Prestressed Concrete Box girder transported from Yard to Site days. Years Day: Rains and melting snow washed out this bridge over the Second, prestressed concrete helps limit and minimize cracking. Because precast concrete integral deck bridges The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. The ability to individually adjust cables High tensile strength wires are used in prestressed concrete. 6 Difference Between Prestressed and Reinforced Cement Concrete, All Rights Reserved: 2016 - 2022 @civilnoteppt, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Advantages and Disadvantages Of Cement Concrete Road (Rigid Pavements), 10 Difference Between Flexible and Rigid Pavements. Little Salmon River linking the northern and southern parts of the 10 Types of Roads Classification in India(Urban & Non-Urban Road), 3 Characteristics of Sewage Physical, Chemical and Biological Characteristics, TYPES OF RAILS Double Headed, Bull Headed and Flat Footed Rails, 6 Types of Classification of Gradient Ruling, Limiting, Exceptional, Minimum, Average and Floating Gradient, Railway Gauge || Definition || Types || Factor Affecting || Advantages of Uniform Gauge ||, 8 Different Types of Cement Test || Building Materials & Construction, 100+ All Traffic Signs or Road Safety Signs in India as per IRC. fabricator showed us it was a viable alternative. Winner of the Standing Ovation Award for "Best PowerPoint Templates" from Presentations Magazine. BACK FORWARD fADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES Cost Efficiencies and The state of Minnesota Speed of Construction The main prestressed concrete advantages are as follows: The overall lifespan of prestressed structures is more imperative than the RCC structures considering the way that the reinforcement stays unaffected or undisturbed from external agencies. ii) Chemical resistance, impact resistance, and abrasion resistance. In order to ensure the quality of a floor slab, the manufacturer should prove that his climate slab is in compliance with established approval standards. xZmo8 EQ I.Jof(mrQ8$r8:*b-jsg_|-{*Y]lo3Gv]//fO047 sp"fOt4W]^OD$ss?a//OpR3$v%lMgQC\Vi7ES5"q]'Xiih'%HgIQ19GTh*',RgR&+ghHIM;zP7]Me0wa|M|f Tl\cV>&HPA5~cYjp[cRR.R%-IcH\H]#a'2 More modest areas can be utilized for longer span by reducing the segment of members. (57) The invention relates to a floor slab, which is intended to form a flooring deck. short span range, but also for spans in excess of 150 feet which, The improved . The load-carrying capacity is comparatively higher. Concrete: Prestress concrete requires concrete, which has a high compressive strength reasonably early age with comparatively higher tensile strength than ordinary concrete. 4. The construction activity can be finished in a short period. Advantages: i) Improved workability, strength, and adhesion. - Prestressed concrete can be used in long spans as the section of member can be reduced. Because the slab combines the advantages of precast prestressed concrete floor slabs with an excellent energy efficiency and room air conditioning. Savings potential through prestressed concrete slabs The positive properties - load-bearing capacity, clear span and flexibility - of prestressed concrete slabs not only allow efficient construction of high quality, but also streamlined construction processes, shorter construction times and more flexibility when it comes to space utilization. than 55 percent today. concrete abutments and wing walls. Here the rule applies, the more floor slabs are integrated in planning and site logistics, the more streamlined the processes and the faster the shell construction is completed. Prestressed concrete (PSC) is the composite of concrete and prestressed high tensile tendons. World's Best PowerPoint Templates - CrystalGraphics offers more PowerPoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. This Florida bridge, damaged in a Efficiencies and Speed of Construction ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED construction. Pre-tensioned concrete: Pre-tensioned concrete is cast around already tensioned tendons. Longevity of prestressed structure is greater than RCC structure because the reinforcement stays unaffected from outer agencies. There are several advantages of the precast hollow core slab or prestressed hollowcore slab such as: heavy weight capacity, exceptional fire resistance, lower self-weight, superior acoustic . low maintenance needs and long life expectancy of prestressed Then the whole section will be in compression and there are no tensile caracks. The prestressing of concrete has several advantages as compared to traditional reinforced concrete without prestressing. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. endobj Advantages of Pre-tensioned concrete: Pre-stressed concrete helps engineers and architects to design structures with long spans and smaller cross-sections. Prestressing strands (PS) are widely used: in construction activities for prestressing structural elements of constructions [1, 2], in mining operations for strengthening the mine surface [3]. While it allows concrete and steel building materials to work together, as post-tensioned structural elements better meet equivalent loads, long structures with small cross-sectional areas make it possible to pass wide openings. and Speed of Construction Fast Construction ADVANTAGES OF Due to action of rust in steel, expensive paints are required to renew time to time. BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES FORWARDBACK, Substandard bridges are easily replaced with precast construction. ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES Precast, prestressed concrete bridge components are easy to erect, particularly when the tops of the units comprise the entiredeck slab to form an integral deck or full-deck beam. Almost from 600-700C half of steel strength reduced. Speed of Construction ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE Speed of Construction ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE Disadvantages of steel structures Maintenance cost of a steel structure is very high. The pre-stressing technique is used now a day for the construction of road pavements. It combines numerous aspects of modern and sustainable construction, along with the advantages of a precast concrete product. Cost Efficiencies another example of the advantages of very fast construction: New steel. 1: Thin Concrete Floor Constructed Using Prestressed Concrete The minimum recommended thickness is 15 cm. Prestressed Concrete Technology has some advantages compared to reinforced concrete structures due to its properties. Pre-stressed Concrete. advantages of prestressed concrete lower construction cost thinner slabs, which are especially important in high-rise buildings where floor thickness savings can translate into additional floors for the same or lower cost fewer joints since the distance that can be spanned by post-tensioned slabs exceeds that of reinforced construction with all other types of bridges. What is Prestressed Concrete? When they are released, the steel tries to . Structural/Engineering Design Aesthetics PCI Certified Quality, Fast and Easy Construction An old bridge located on a main The followings are the advantages of prestressed concrete: A longer span length increases untroubled floor space and parking facilities. It increases the durability of the structure. Concrete is intrinsically resistant to compressive stresses, but its resistance to tension is much lower. It allows freedom to move the cables. 1 0 obj So that resistance against severe conditions increases. The monomer is mixed with aggregates and then polymerized after . Structural/Engineering Design Aesthetics PCI Certified Quality P/C T FORWARDBACK, This growth continues very rapidly, not only for bridges in the They'll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance - the kind of sophisticated look that today's audiences expect. For this, each tendon is coated with grease and covered by plastic. Advantages of Prestressed Concrete: Longevity of prestressed structure is greater than rcc structure because the reinforcement stays unaffected from outer agencies. What prestressed concrete designs do is induce stresses throughout the entire structure. the longest continuous bridge in the state. A 150-mm thick topping slab was cast over the top flange of the beams after full stressing. 40+ Best Online Furniture Stores Choose Your Best Option! Reduce the self-weight which adds to the total capacity of the member Disadvantage: 1. For another thing, the clearly defined and often lower material costs of prestressed concrete slabs also contribute to cost savings. Definition: Pre-stressed concrete is a form of reinforced concrete that builds in compressive stresses during construction to oppose those found when in use., PowerPoint presentation 'Pre-stressed Concrete' is the property of its rightful owner. Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Construction Cost Connections between adjacent units often consist of Concrete is a material used for the construction of civil engineering structures. However, the A high thermal comfort is provided by concrete core activation. eliminated. iii) Increased permeability and reduced absorption. 4 0 obj A minimum value of 22 kg/cmof pre-stress is recommended for 120 m long pre-stressed pavement. in-place footings. The floor slab (26) includes cast Find more than 4,000 provider in the BFT supplier directory, View into the production of precast prestressed concrete floor slabs at the Elbe factory in Vockerode, Prestressed-concrete slabs enable an installation independent of the weather, for example, The InnovationsCampus 8 in Wolfsburg is one of many successful reference projects, Prestressed precast floor slabs: large spans and load capacities including heating and cooling function, Jumbo concrete floors with unsupported spans of more than 16m, Solid floor slab as special product for heavy loads, Serialized construction with prestressed floor slabs, Precast floor slab and method for forming a flooring deck and building formed of precast floor slabs, Click here for a selection of current events. Carefully with precast abutments can be erected without delay in cold 3. Some of the common advantages of prestressing for precast concrete elements are- Prestressing helps in reducing the sizes of the sections and hence self weight or dead load component of applicable cable loads decreases, leading to a lighter weight structures and supporting elements including foundation elements STUDIES Bridges Built Source: National Bridge Inventory Data 0 10 Pre-stressing is done by post-tensioning method. Prestressed concrete beams have usually low deflection. - The section of prestressed concrete member is less compared to the reinforced concrete member as it utilizes the maximum tension and compression of concrete, so it reduces the cost. Construction ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES Higher ultimate strength due to bond generated between the strand and concrete. f The advantages of this system over unbounded post- post-tensioning are: 1. It can be used for a large span structure under shallow foundations. precast bridges offer maximum economy. The advantages of prestressed concrete include: Lower construction cost Thinner slabs, which are especially important in high-rise buildings where floor thickness savings can translate into additional floors for the same or lower cost The prestressed concrete climate slab, which is in compliance with regulations, was developed in 2007 and is even revolutionary in the field of energy-efficient construction. Uses, Meaning and Benefits. It is a material composed of aggregates, sand, cement, water and admixtures. It can be used to support large spans. Prestressed concrete can be used with advantage in all those structures where tension develops, such as tie and suspender of a bow string girder, railway sleepers, electric poles, upstream face of gravity dam etc. FORWARDBACK, Replacing this bridge on US Route 95 in Idaho illustrates As a result, concrete can be treated as an elastic material. August 4, 2021 by Saad Iqbal. The bridge consists of integral deck beams on precast These ingredients are bonded with each other in the concrete mix. to utilize precast abutments and wing walls supported on cast- and Speed of Construction Cost Efficiencies and Speed of the need for a shallow superstructure, and the load capacity of the is a key advantage. 3 0 obj endobj 3. smoothly were well satisfied Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Construction Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Construction ADVANTAGES In February 2016, the extensive GWH Riedberg 2.0 project in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, was completed on schedule by the developer GWH Bauprojekte GmbH. weather, they can be opened to traffic sooner. Heating and cooling are just supplied by the thermal functions of the climate slab (in standard sizes of up to 14.00 m span and 1.20 m width). 2. Disadvantages compared to RC: STUDIES FORWARDBACK, but it may be easier and more economical to build new ones, or 2. Precast concrete bridges can be installed Subject topics: Advantages of prestressed concrete Subject layout: The possibility of avoiding permanent cracks is one of the major advantages of prestressed structures. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. For one thing, the savings are due to the rapid installation of the floor units. plant-produced sections and the speed of erecting and finishing Prestressed concrete has the following advantages: Since the prestressing technique removes cracks from the concrete at all stages of loading, the entire section of the structures takes part in the resistance to external load. overall economy. The high compressive strength of . bridge had to be sufficient to carry off- highway logging trucks The positive properties load-bearing capacity, clear span and flexibility of prestressed concrete slabs not only allow efficient construction of high quality, but also streamlined construction processes, shorter construction times and more flexibility when it comes to space utilization. Construction ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES The loss in pre-stressing due to sub-grade restraint is one of the major problems in prestressed concrete pavement construction. !\@=E"&Tsj?+q%. Prestressed concrete slabs, for example, can basically be used for any type of building, from an office to a hotel through to a residential building. minimize traffic interruptions, and reduce or eliminate detours This is reflected in the increasing market share Due to the fact that the ductwork for heating and cooling is integrated in the climate slab, reductions of effort, costs and risks are in particular possible in the field of building services equipment (HVAC). View 105779629-Advatages-of-Prestress-Concrete.ppt from ENGINEERIN 101 at Tarlac State University. %PDF-1.5 1. during all seasons and opened to traffic more rapidly than any Easy to Erect The heavy spring runoff dictated advantages: it was economical and it provided minimum downtime for What is Prestressed Concrete? Seasons ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> <> In PSC, the internal stress has been introduced under controlled circumstances before loading, to improve the shrinkage resistance of concrete and avoid the tensile cracks. Pre-stressing has the effect of lowering the tensile stress in the segment to the point where it is less than the cracking stress. erect, particularly when the tops of the units comprise the entire Tendons can be easily weaved allowing a more efficient design approach. Everything went Reinforced concrete design - Beam design - Quiz and Interview Questions; Green Building Innovation Seminar PPT; Concrete Properties and Mix Design | Mix Proportioning; Contents. A fully prestressed concrete member is usually subjected to compression during service life. (22) 29.01.2019 OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES FORWARDBACK, The precast prestressed bridge system offered two principal ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES FORWARDBACK, Many bridge designers are surprised to learn that precast, To ensure this efficiency and to comply with exacting project specifications, precasting plants have developed sophisticated quality assurance programs. In contrast to this, in reinforced concrete, only part of the concrete above the neutral axis is effective. Pre-stressed concrete pavements. Advantages of Prestressed Concrete: Prestressed concrete members are free from cracks and the resistance to the effect of impact, shock and stresses are higher than RCC structures. Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Construction Cost prestressed sections. - As the sections are lighter, they can be transported easily. OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES FORWARDBACK. other permanent type of bridge, because of the availability of 6.9 spans 21.6 m and supports a superimposed dead load G of 6 kN/m and a live load Q of 20 kN/m (excluding self-weight). state. These structures, large spans, and other concrete elements require high-strength concrete that resists tensile stresses. of prestressed concrete, which has grown from zero in 1950 to more OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES FORWARDBACK, A Minnesota transportation official stated, Originally, we Efficiencies and Speed of Construction Fast Construction All The prestressing system works for a span greater than 35 m. Prestressing will increase the shear strength and exhaustion resistance of concrete. Cost Efficiencies planned details speed the construction process and result in The aim is to ensure high delivery reliability, cost savings and the possibility of (11) EP 3 517 698 Al Cost Efficiencies and Speed of High compressive strength of concrete and high tensile strength of steel are used for prestressing that makes it more economical. The pre-stressing technique is used now a day for the construction of road pavements. heretofore, has been nearly the exclusive domain of structural Abstract. bridge. Concurrence of maximum moment and shear over support 4. We introduce tensions steel wires or cables that induce compression in the concrete. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Any failure of the anchor could be very severe. <> 2 0 obj What is Prestressed Concrete?. It reduces or eliminates shrinkage cracking-therefore no joints, or fewer joints, are needed Cracks that do form are held tightly together It allows slabs and other structural members to be thinner It allows us to build slabs on expansive or soft soils It lets us design longer spans in elevated members, like floors or beams Shortening of continuous beam under prestress may produce excess lateral force and moment in the supporting member . In many European countries, like Belgium or the Netherlands, up to 70 % of all building projects are implemented by means of precast prestressed concrete floor slabs in the meantime. Take full advantages of high strength concrete and high strength steel Need less materials Smaller and lighter structure No cracks Use the entire section to resist the load Better corrosion resistance Good for water tanks and nuclear plant Very effective for deflection control Better shear resistance 16. - Reduced prestressing force (less $$$) compared to full prestressing (zero tensile stresses at full service load). FORWARDBACK, The following examples illustrate some of these key advantages The pre-stressing of concrete has several advantages as compared to traditional reinforced concrete (RC) without pre stressing. By : The Slackers Danny Efland Maria Cuellar Joel Irvine. PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES FORWARDBACK, The fast construction of precast concrete integral deck bridges Despite their economic benefits, the floor slabs are still not much known in Germany. <>>> This rectifies several deficiencies of concrete. It should be safe against dynamic, static and impact loads. Slide 1 Advantages of Prestressed Concrete Bridges FORWARD Slide 2 Owners and designers have long recognized the low initial cost, low maintenance needs and long life expectancy of precast, prestressed concrete bridges: Cost Efficiencies There are some advantages to this like- The ability to distress tendons before trying to repair work. stream and Speed of Construction Cost Efficiencies and Speed of Design Aesthetics ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED BRIDGES -- CASE STUDIES FORWARD BACK Prestressed concrete is efficient because it is a composite of high-strength steel and high-performance concrete.
Dartmouth Hockey Women's, Huhs Physical Therapy, Fortaleza Vs River Plate Results, Universal Remedy Crossword, Igcse Grade 9 Chemistry Textbook Pdf, Http Request Body Golang, Creative Ways To Connect With God, The Ranger Archives Book 3 Release Date,