racetrack playa solved

Most of the rock trails are parallel to this direction. There is no cell phone coverage in the area. When the mud dries out, mud cracks that typically cover the floor of the playa are formed. A weird connect-the-dots moment occurred in 1921, when archaeologist Alfred Watkins noticed that many ancient sites seemed to line up in a too-straight-to-be-a-coincidence way. But now, the mystery is solved. They tumble down due to the forces of erosion, coming to rest on the parched ground below. . Answer (1 of 3): It seems there is finally a conclusive answer. . The Racetrack was vandalised in late 2016. Absence of these indicates that wind or another object has scraped away the tiny mud curls. The Racetrack is not an illusion It is well worth the washboard ride, or the hours of 4-wheeling it takes to reach the lake from the south. S o-called sailing stones in California's Death Valley National Park have perplexed tourists and scientists alike for their apparent ability to move . The surface of the playa is very fragile. Caution: Rough and Remote Road . The climate in this area is arid. "The last suspected movement was in 2006, and so rocks may move only about one millionth of the time," said Lorenz. Creating interesting photos of the Racetrack Playa sailing stones is not as easy as it sounds. Shortly after, the rocks began moving. They needed the help to repeatedly visit the remote dry lake, quarry rocks for the GPS-instrumented stones, and design the custom-built instrumentation. The experiment was set up in Winter 2011 with permission of the National Park Service. The playa is in the small Racetrack Valley endorheic basin between the Cottonwood Mountains on the east and Nelson Range to the west. "On December 21st, 2013, ice breakup happened just before noon, with popping and cracking sounds coming from all over the frozen pond surface", said Richard Norris. Ralph Lorenz and Brian Jackson (of the Department of Physics, Boise State University), in contrast, started working on the phenomenon to study dust devils and other desert weather features that might have analogs to processes happening on other planets. Follow the road straight ahead to the Racetrack playa. It is a lake bed that is flat and is always dry. Landsat image of Racetrack Playa. View the full answer. The surface is covered with mud cracks, and the sediment is made up mainly of silt and clay. This was thought to occur when the playa was very wet, immediately after a rain that converted the surface of the playa into a slippery mud. If you plan on visiting more than 1 national park this year we suggest you go ahead and purchase the America the Beautiful Pass (which can be found at the entrance gates to most national parks or online here).This pass gets you into all National Parks, Forests, Monuments, and more . The mysterious moving rocks of Racetrack Playa in Death Valley National Park have fascinated and perplexed visitors for decades. For years curiosity mounted about why the stones moved. The second 'island' feature is a smaller carbonate outcrop. Rock Fans, After several decades of study and observation, the sailing stones of Racetrack Playa have been observed in motion! explores as its central theme the story of how the sailing stones' movement had been a mystery which came to be solved using the scientific method and critical thinking. Entrance Fees: The fee to enter Death Valley is $30 per vehicle. Throughout the years many theories have been suggested to explain the mystery of these rock movements. The big break in solving the mystery occurred in November 2013 when a lake up to three inches deep covered the playa and then froze. Once on the floor of the playa the rocks move across the level surface leaving trails as records of their movements. This prevents others from enjoying this unique area. Then in what Ralph Lorenz of the Applied Physics Laboratory at the Johns Hopkins University, one of the paper's authors, suspected would be "the most boring experiment ever" they waited for something to happen. The sailing stones of the Racetrack Playa, a dry lakebed in Death Valley, have been the subject of a mystery since the 1940s. Located in a remote area of California's Death Valley National Park, the heavy stones appear to move across the dried lake bed known as Racetrack Playa, leaving a trail behind them in the cracked mud. Trails can last for years or decades between events. This problem has been solved! . Visiting remote areas of Death Valley National Park bears considerable risk. The sailing stones are a geological phenomenon that has been observed since the early 1900s. CA Kite-borne view through several cm of water showing two general classes of fresh trails. "It's possible that tourists have actually seen this happening without realizing it," said Jim Norris. Racetrack Playa researcher Richard Norris standing by a trail likely formed more than a decade before this December 16, 2012 photo. The Racetrack Playa, or The Racetrack, is a scenic dry lake feature with "sailing stones" that inscribe linear "racetrack" imprints. The Grandstand August 28, 2014 4:46 PM EDT. We won't post to any of your accounts without asking first. These observations were surprising in light of previous models, which had proposed hurricane-force winds, dust devils, slick algal films, or thick sheets of ice as likely contributors to rock motion. They expected it would take five to 10 years before something happened. Littered across the flat, dry surface of this dry lake, also called a "playa', are hundreds of rocks -some weighing as . The phenomenon of the sailing stones on Racetrack Playa in Death Valley National Park has baffled scientists for decades. When the team visited Racetrack Playa in December 2013, they found it covered in a pond of water about three inches deep. Racetrack Playa is lake bed that is almost perfectly flat and almost always dry. This strenuous 6 mile round trip hike involves an elevation gain of 1800 feet. Ley lines. 4 kilometers long (2.5 miles) from north to south and about 2 kilometers wide (1.25 miles) from east to west. Their observations show that moving the rocks requires a rare combination of events. It is located above the northwestern side of Death Valley, in Death Valley National Park, Inyo County, California, U.S.A. One of the most interesting mysteries of Death Valley National Park is the sliding rocks at Racetrack Playa (a playa is a dry lake bed). Summer temperatures can surpass 120F (49C) in certain spots, large areas are without cellphone reception, roads are treacherous and the closest gas station is in Panamint Springs. Normally, it is recommended for high-clearance vehicles with heavy-duty tires as it can be rough and washboard. One explanation was that strong winds during the occasional rainstorms would drag the rough stones over ground softened by rain. Some of these rocks weigh several hundred pounds. Racetrack Playa is a dried-up lake located in Death Valley, California, USA. Rarely, about once every several years, the occasional shallow lake that covers the surface of Racetrack Playa freezes over, covering the playa with a thin layer of ice, floating on a thin layer of water. Rocks often moved multiple times before reaching their final resting place. He called them 'leys', and later, 'ley lines'. P.O. The mystery of the moving rocks of the Racetrack Playa in Death Valley National Park has finally been solved, thanks to two very determined cousins. The Racetrack, Death Valley National Park: See 273 reviews, articles, and 293 photos of The Racetrack, ranked No.13 on Tripadvisor among 64 attractions in Death Valley National Park. Standard rental vehicles are not recommended, and often get flat tires. Individual rocks remained in motion for anywhere from a few seconds to 16 minutes. A more easily-accessible location to observe the tracks of sliding stones is the Bonnie Claire playa east of Scotty's Castle--between the park boundary and Highway 95.The south shore of the playa runs right along the north side of Highway 72.The area is administered by the Bureau of Land Management.There is abundant evidence of sliding stones at this playa, which is believed to experience the same rock-moving conditions as the Racetrack. Until 2013, all of the best explanations involved wind as the energy source and an ice sheet that captures enough wind energy to drag a six-hundred-pound rock across the surface of the playa. As nighttime temperatures plummet, the pond freezes to form sheets of "windowpane" ice, which must be thin enough to move freely but thick enough to maintain strength. Its possible that tourists have actually seen this happening without realizing it, said Jim Norris of the engineering firm Interwoof in Santa Barbara. > In a paper published in the journal PLOS ONE on Aug. 27, a team led by Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, paleobiologist Richard Norris reports on first-hand observations of the phenomenon. The engraved trails of rocks on the nearly flat, dry mud surface of Racetrack Playa, Death Valley National Park, have excited speculation about the movement mechanism since the 1940s. For years curiosity mounted about why the stones moved. Photo by Richard Norris courtesy of Scripps Oceanography, Racetrack Playa is partly flooded shortly after the December 21, 2013 move event in which hundreds of rocks scribbled trails in the mud under the floating ice. Other access roads make for even longer and more remote adventures. When the playa is wet, avoid walking in muddy areas and leaving ugly footprints. It operated during the late 1800's and again during World War I. Slightly cooler temperatures emerge in December and January. Click for more detail. The Racetrack is a playa: A huge dry flat lakebed surrounded by mountain ranges. Captured on video for the first time: the mysterious forces that move rocks across the surface of Racetrack Playa in California's Death Valley.Nobody has eve. So we have seen that even in Death Valley, famous for its heat, floating ice is a powerful force in rock motion. Further north and south along this linear formation, there were several other depressions that may be a continuation of the Spinal Springs alignment. As overnight temperatures drop, the pond freezes to form thin sheets of windowpane ice. [6], The 2017 documentary Principles of Curiosity explores as its central theme the story of how the sailing stones' movement had been a mystery which came to be solved using the scientific method and critical thinking.[7]. The Racetrack playa in Death Valley National Park. "We have seen that even in Death Valley, famous for its heat, floating ice is a powerful . Please note that this form cannot be used to reset your Google or Facebook password. "The last suspected movement was in 2006, and so rocks may move only about one millionth of the time," said Lorenz. The problem with the wind moving the rocks is that many of the rocks weigh several hundred pounds and are embedded a few inches into the mud of the playa. Annual precipitation is 3 to 4 inches (75 to 100mm) and ice cover can be 1 to 2.5 inches (2.5 to 6.5cm) thick. On sunny days, the ice begins to melt and break up into large floating panels, which light winds drive across the playa pool. Islands Several good photos of large rocks and their trails by Steve Geer, Stephan Hoerold, David Choo, Skye Bajoul, sartriano, John Alcorn, and Mike Norton are posted on this page for those who are unable to travel to Death Valley National Park. Image Source: GoogleMaps The playa is famous for its "sailing stones," a collection of dolomite and syenite stones weighing a few hundred grams to a . Image copyright iStockphoto / Steve Geer. I said to Jim [Norris, a cousin], This is it!'. Dry lake bed in Death Valley National Park, California, United States, Lorenz, R. D., B. Jackson and A. Hayes, "Racetrack and Bonnie Claire: Southwestern US Playa Lakes as Analogs for Ontario Lacus, Titan", Planetary and Space Science, 58, 72331, 2010, U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: The Racetrack, Places of interest in the Death Valley area, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Investigators think they know who tore up Death Valley's fragile Racetrack Playa in an SUV", "Trail formation by ice-shoved "sailing stones" observed at Racetrack Playa, Death Valley National Park", "Sliding Rocks on Racetrack Playa, Death Valley National Park: First Observation of Rocks in Motion", 10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0819:SRATRD>2.3.CO;2, 10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<1704:SSRPC>2.0.CO;2, 10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0766:SRATRD>2.3.CO;2, 10.1130/0016-7606(1955)66[1329:OOPSTR]2.0.CO;2, "Skeptoid #21: Living Stones of Death Valley", Video of the Living Stones of Death Valley, Las piedras que se mueven solas valle de la muerte ( Espaol ), The Mystery of the Rocks on the Racetrack at Death Valley, Differential GPS/GIS analysis of the sliding rock phenomenon of Racetrack Playa, Death Valley National Park, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Racetrack_Playa&oldid=1082211540, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles using infobox body of water without alt, Articles using infobox body of water without pushpin map alt, Articles using infobox body of water without image bathymetry, Articles lacking in-text citations from May 2009, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 April 2022, at 23:02. A rain of about 1/2 inch, will wet the surface of the playa, providing a firm but extremely slippery surface. The road to the left leads into Hidden Valley and connects with the Hunter Mountain road which usually requires 4- wheel-drive to travel. Driving on it or anywhere off established roads is prohibited. Under the hot desert sun, the thin veneer of water quickly evaporates leaving behind a surface layer of soft slick mud. . Instead, rocks moved under light winds of about 3-5 meters per second (10 miles per hour) and were driven by ice less than 5 millimeters (0.25 inches) too thin to grip large rocks and lift them off the playa, which several papers had proposed as a mechanism to reduce friction. class templates in c. jamestown boat rental lake cumberland. First, the playa fills with water, which must be deep enough to allow formation of floating ice during cold winter nights but shallow enough to expose the rocks. There are three areas of aligned depressions (intermittent springs) in the playa. Sewer fishing: Can fishing get any crazier? The shape of the shallow hydrocarbon lake Ontario Lacus on Saturn's moon Titan has been compared to that of Racetrack Playa.[2]. It rounds the western side of the playa to a parking area with descriptive signs by the National Park Service. In a study funded by NASA, researchers established a remote weather station on the playa, set up time-lapse cameras, and glued GPS transmitters to some of the rocks. Some of the sediment is made of clay and silt. "There is also evidence that the frequency of rock movement, which seems to require cold nights to form ice, may have declined since the 1970s due to climate change.". But we have not seen the really big boys move out there.does that work the same way?". And then they noticed something interesting: the rocks began moving. Rocks of many shapes leave trails across Racetrack Playa. Asked if the mystery of sliding rocks has finally been solved, Richard Norris replied, "We documented five movement events in the 2 1/ . a) Formula for the dra . The playa fills with water deep enough to form floating ice during cold winter nights but shallow enough to expose the rocks. The mystery of the sailing stones has been solved. The area is administered by the Bureau of Land Management. Along the remote Racetrack Playa in Death Valley, California, stones sometimes gouge out prominent trails in the desert floor, as if the stones had been migrating (see the figure). This was once the favorite explanation. Image copyright iStockphoto / sartriano. Sometimes multiple neighboring rocks have trails that seem to have simultaneously change directions. Image copyright iStockphoto / David Choo. In one event, the researchers observed that rocks three football fields apart began moving simultaneously and traveled over 60 meters (200 feet) before stopping. do u miss me warren hue lyrics. The rocks on the dry lake slide in different directions across the dry lake for no apparent reason. The Mystery of Rocks . How to use racetrack in a sentence.. "/> narcissistic ex badmouthing me. Racetrack Playa researcher Richard Norris standing by a trail likely formed more than a decade before this December 16, 2012 photo. A sliding rock that has left a long track across the surface of Racetrack Playa. A few years ago, the mystery of the sliding rocks was solved, but that does not in any way make them less amazing. Trails can last for years or decades between events. When it rains, the Racetrack Playa becomes a shallow lake. Image copyright iStockphoto / Skye Bajoul. During the day the lights are blindingly harsh, and there is no shade to be found. Pirate Scott, CC BY 2.0. Spinal Springs is in the central part of the Racetrack playa. Related. Death Valley Some of the rocks had been equipped with a small GPS recorder, and their records indicate that some rocks had moved over seven hundred feet during at least four episodes of movement. Once a rock began to move, a wind of much lower velocity could keep it in motion as it slid across the soft and very slippery mud. August 2014: For more than 50 years, scientists have puzzled over rocks that seemed to move across the dry landscape of Racetrack Playa in Death Valley National Park. "I said to Jim, 'This is it!'". Moving Rocks One popular theory was that strong winter winds upward to 90 mph combined with just enough rain to make the clay slippery caused the stones to sail.. (See below for several more sliding rock photos.) Racetrack Playa mystery explained. Sliding Rocks on Racetrack Playa by Dennis Brooks Terrain Racetrack Playa is a lake-bed, which is dry most of the time and is nearly perfectly . (Louis Sahagun / Los Angeles Times) 2 / 7 Camping, while not allowed on the playa, is available in "primitive campsite" areas to the north and south. It was much thinner than expected. An aerial view of Racetrack Playa on Dec. 26, 2013. The Racetrack Playa, or The Racetrack, is a scenic dry lake feature with "sailing stones" that inscribe linear "racetrack" imprints. When wet, the surface sediments of the playa are transformed into a very soft and very slippery mud. A short walk out to the Grandstand can be rewarding. What powerful force could be moving them? The Racetrack Playa, or The Racetrack, is a scenic dry lake feature with "sailing stones" that inscribe linear "racetrack" imprints. Strong wind gusts or "hurricane force winds" were originally thought to nudge the rocks into motion. Natural mysteries waiting to be solved:. Lippincott Pass and the roads in Saline Valley are extremely rough and negotiable for high clearance 4WD vehicles with all-terrain tires only. hotel portofino pbs. It's larger than you might think: 2.8 mi (4.5 km) long (north-south) by 1.3 mi (2.1 km) wide (east-west). . A more easily-accessible location to observe the tracks of sliding stones is the Bonnie Claire playa east of Scotty's Castle--between the park boundary and Highway 95. Rocks often moved multiple times before reaching their final resting place. 2. The ice sheets shove rocks in front of them and the moving stones leave trails in the soft mud bed below the pool surface. Two islands of bedrock outcrops rise dramatically above the playa's surface at its northern end. Littered across the flat, dry surface of this dry lake, also called a "playa', are hundreds of rocks some weighing as much as 320 kilograms (700 pounds) that seem to have been dragged across the ground, often leaving synchronized trails that can stretch for hundreds of meters. 92328, Download the official NPS app before your next visit, Death Valley National Park wants to remind people that the. Death Valley A lack of disturbed mud around the rock trails eliminates the possibility of a human or animal pushing or assisting the motion of the rocks. "It is really tough to gauge that a rock is in motion if all the rocks around it are also moving". This sort of finding doesn't go unnoticed by believers in the supernatural. . Then in what Ralph Lorenz of the Applied Physics Laboratory at the Johns Hopkins University, one of the paper's authors, suspected would be "the most boring experiment ever" they waited for something to happen. Box 579 Researchers have . During periods of heavy rain, water washes down from the surrounding mountains[1] draining into the playa, forming a shallow, short-lived endorheic lake. Continuation of Problem 8: The mysterious sliding stones. What causes the stones to move? Curves in the rock trails were explained by shifts in wind direction or in how the wind interacted with an irregularly-shaped rock. Things to Note When Visiting Racetrack Playa. When the playa dries out months later, the trails become clear. Racetrack Playa Mystery Solved (August 2014) Posted on January 5, 2015. Off-road driving is prohibited as the desert is very fragile and vehicle tracks can remain for years. As nighttime temperatures plummet, the pond freezes to form sheets of "windowpane" ice, which must be thin enough to move freely but thick enough to maintain strength. The Racetrack Playa is 3,714 feet (1,132m) above sea level, and 2.8mi (4.5km) long (north-south) by 1.3mi (2.1km) wide (east-west). They then narrow and become shallower again, and finally disappear. The playa is exceptionally flat and level with the northern end being only 1.5 inches (3.8cm) higher than the southern. Located in the Racetrack Playa, Death Valley National Park, California, the "sailing stones" have long been a source of mystery. Driving offroad is strictly prohibited. Those interested in a longer hike should try the old miner's trail to Ubehebe Peak. One explanation was that strong winds during . Racetrack Playa is a large, dry lakebed located in Death Valley National Park. Ralph Lorenz, one of the papers authors from Applied Physics Laboratory at John Hopkins University, called it the most boring experiment ever.. "We expected to wait five or ten years without anything moving, but only two years into the project, we just happened to be there at the right time to see it happen in person.". Some rocks travel in pairs, their two tracks so perfectly in synch along straight stretches and around curves that they seem to be made by a car. Instead, rocks move when ice sheets just a few millimeters thick[5] start to melt during periods of light wind. "Science sometimes has an element of luck," Richard Norris said. The meaning of RACETRACK is a usually oval course for racing. Rocks in Motion. It is 550 metres (600 yards) long and starts, at its northern end, with conical depressions only a few centimeters (inches) deep. Instead, rocks moved under light winds of about 3-5 meters per second (10 miles per hour) and were driven by ice less than 5 millimeters (0.25 inches) too thin to grip large rocks and lift them off the playa, which several papers had proposed as a mechanism to reduce friction. The mystery was solved in 2014 when researchers monitored the rocks using scientific equipment. The shape of trails behind the rocks suggest that they move during times when the floor of Racetrack Playa is covered with a very soft mud. Newly published findings resolve the mystery of the moving rocks like this one that have left trails on the Racetrack playa in Death Valley National Park. Racetrack is dry for almost the entire year and has no vegetation. Typically only part of the playa will flood in any given year. Use extreme caution on this road in the summer heat. Or, they badly want to maintain the mystery because the answer is too mundane to them . "It is really tough to gauge that a rock is in motion if all the rocks around it are also moving". "There is also evidence that the frequency of rock movement, which seems to require cold nights to form ice, may have declined since the 1970s due to climate change.". The rocks of Racetrack Playa are composed of dolomite and syenite, the same materials that make up the surrounding mountains. Heavier winter precipitation temporarily erases them until spring when the dry conditions cause new mud cracks to form in the place of the old cracks. Closer view of the sliding rock in the top image on this page. . Rock movement has been variously attributed to high winds, liquid water, ice, or ice flotation, but has not been previously observed in action. Racetrack Playa is home to one of Death Valley's most enduring mysteries. When the team visited Racetrack Playa in December 2013, they found it covered in a pond of water about three inches deep. Heatwaves hit the city from April to May, welcoming the rainy season from May to November. The Racetrack Playa is located above the northwestern side of Death Valley in Death Valley National Park, Inyo County, California, United States Of America. Death Valley National Park wants to remind people that the Racetrack is located in a remote area of the park and road conditions are variable at best, requiring high clearance vehicles and heavy duty tires. In a new paper published in the August 27, PLOS ONE, a team led by Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, paleobiologist Richard Norris report on first-hand observations of the phenomenon. It is located in the Death Valley National Park. The study showed that sailing rocks require a rare combination of these events: 1. In a new paper published in the August 27, PLOS ONE, a team led by Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, paleobiologist Richard Norris report on first-hand observations of the phenomenon. A bench here, placed by the Mano Seca Group, has scenic views of The Racetrack, The Grandstand, and mountain scenery. Trails can last . Asked if the mystery of sliding rocks has finally been solved, Richard Norris replied, We documented five movement events in the 2 1/2 months the pond existed and some involved hundreds of rocks. This work demonstrated the movement of the rocks and attributed it to wind moving the rocks while they were embedded in a large ice sheet floating on a thin layer of water. Rocks of many shapes leave trails across Racetrack Playa. However, when it rains, the steep mountains which surround Racetrack Playa produce a large amount of runoff that converts the playa floor into a broad shallow lake that might be just a few inches deep at the low point of the playa. Playa, is a dry lake bed, and rocks can be found on the floor of the playa. The climate in this area is arid. Further, the rocks moved only a few inches per second (2-6 m/minute), a speed that is almost imperceptible at a distance and without stationary reference points. Racetrack Playa is home to one of Death Valley's most enduring mysteries. Littered across the flat, dry surface of this dry lake, also called a "playa', are hundreds of rocks some weighing as much as 320 kilograms (700 pounds) that seem to have been dragged across the ground, often leaving synchronized trails that can stretch for hundreds of meters. "Science sometimes has an element of luck," Richard Norris said. Death Valley Photos - Scotty's Castle Area Racetrack Playa click for more photos: The remote Racetrack playa is home to the mysterious moving rocks of Death Valley. Another access to Racetrack Playa is Lippincott pass road that enters the Racetrack valley from the south west, climbing up from Saline Valley. There is abundant evidence of sliding stones at this playa, which is believed to experience the same rock-moving conditions as the Racetrack. Get Access. So is the mystery of the sliding rocks finally solved? For more information please read our. Somehow these rocks slide across the playa, cutting a furrow in the sediment as they move. A Dry Lake, Stones, Tracks, and Mountains. Buy, Sell, and Trade your Firearms and Gear. [3] A few days after a precipitation event, small mud curls, otherwise known as "corn flakes" form on the playa surface. [8], Edge Springs is an alignment of the depressions along the southeastern edge of the Racetrack playa. Racetrack Playa Description. Their observations show that moving the rocks requires a rare combination of events. The pair of scientists, Richard Norris and James Norris, focused on the Racetrack Playa mystery for two years and came to conclusion that a combination of geological elements make the rocks move. continental finance verve. . All three are associated with significant vegetation.[8]. Some people haven't gotten the message that the question was solved. No word whether the Slithering Boulder Research Initiative is now forming. According to their research, the playa turns into a shallow lake when it's raining in Death Valley. Sandblasting wind continually helps to round the edges of exposed polygons. These thin floating ice panels create an ice shove that moves the rocks at up to five meters (16') per minute. P.O. The alignment parallels the toes of alluvial fans along the base of the steep mountain range. There, every 10 years or so, stones as big as 700 pounds (318 kilograms) mysteriously seem to move around on their own, leaving long tracks behind them in the parched desert surface [source . Aug. 27, 2014 6:23 p.m. PT. The prevailing winds that blow across Racetrack Playa blow from the southwest to the northeast. Do not attempt a trip to the Racetrack without a plenty of fuel and water. Instead, they decided to monitor the rocks remotely by installing a high-resolution weather station capable of measuring gusts to 1 second intervals and fitting 15 rocks with custom-built, motion-activated GPS units. The Racetrack Playa is about. Rain is rare in the racetrack playa. "What is striking about prior research on the Racetrack is that almost everybody was doing the work not to gain fame or fortune, but because it is such a neat problem", says Jim Norris.

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