Our sun exists in a smaller, partial arm that is called the Orion Arm or Orion Spur. It, along with our solar system is positioned between the Perseus and Sagittarius arms. https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/resources/285/the-milky-way-galaxy/. The Milky Way contains a high amount of dust and gas wrapped around the central galactic bulge. o She loves all things space and astronomy-related, and enjoys the opportunity to learn more. Everything else in the galaxy revolves around this powerful gateway to nothingness. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). This means that all of the pictures that you have seen of the full Milky Way are really just guesses done by really good artists. / [14][15], In June 2019, citizen scientists through Galaxy Zoo reported that the usual Hubble classification, particularly concerning spiral galaxies, may not be supported, and may need updating.[16][17]. Galaxy Zoo; Galaxies elliptic, spiral, irregular Astronoo updated ngy 1 thng 6 nm 2013; trn YouTube BerkeleyLab/animated. Halo stars may be acquired from small galaxies which fall into and merge with the spiral galaxyfor example, the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy is in the process of merging with the Milky Way and observations show that some stars in the halo of the Milky Way have been acquired from it. But we do know that our Milky Way has a spiral nature from observations made from within our Galaxy (though whether or not it is a barred spiral is still being debated). History Early history. + Artistically Enhanced Version The data was also less precise. The motion of halo stars does bring them through the disc on occasion, and a number of small red dwarfs close to the Sun are thought to belong to the galactic halo, for example Kapteyn's Star and Groombridge 1830. They have noted that the major arms of our galaxy seem to contain the most old and young stars and the minor arms seemed to be filled with the kind of gas and dust that is needed to make new stars. They suggested that the spiral arms were manifestations of spiral density waves they assumed that the stars travel in slightly elliptical orbits, and that the orientations of their orbits is correlated i.e. The Triangulum Galaxy is a spiral galaxy 2.73 million light-years (ly) from Earth in the constellation Triangulum.It is catalogued as Messier 33 or NGC (New General Catalogue) 598.With the D 25 isophotal diameter of 18.74 kiloparsecs (61,100 light-years), the Triangulum Galaxy is the third-largest member of the Local Group of galaxies, behind the Andromeda Galaxy and the Hipparcos only saw about 100,000 of the brightest stars in the sun's neighborhood, compared to Gaia's one billion. Since the angular speed of rotation of the galactic disk varies with distance from the centre of the galaxy (via a standard solar system type of gravitational model), a radial arm (like a spoke) would quickly become curved as the galaxy rotates. These objects form when huge stars, many times the mass of our sun, collapse after stopping nuclear fusion. The hypothesis of dark matter has an elaborate history. [23], The stars in spirals are distributed in thin disks radial with intensity profiles such that[24][25][26], with The galaxy started small and grew as the inescapable force of gravity pulled everything together. A couple of Saturn's moons orbit beyond four of the planet's rings in this image. The Galactic Center is approximately 8 kiloparsecs (26,000 ly) away from Earth in the direction of It turns out that it's pretty good to know who your neighbors are, as they may be closer than you think. At eleven billion years old, it is more than two billion years older than any previous discovery. The study suggests that our sun was born during one of those periods some 4.6 billion years ago. There was a problem. It is clear that the elliptical orbits come close together in certain areas to give the effect of arms. EGS-zs8-1 is a high-redshift Lyman-break galaxy found at the northern constellation of Botes. [6] They are mostly found in low-density regions and are rare in the centers of galaxy clusters.[7]. If you can measure the average speed of stars as they move around the Galactic Center and their distance from the Galactic Center, you can make a plot called a "rotation curve". This spiral galaxy in the constellation Draco is helping astronomers measure the universe. The sun sits near the edge of the Local Arm of the Milky Way, one of the two smaller spiral arms of the galaxy. The evolution of the Milky Way began when clouds of gas and dust started collapsing, pushed together by gravity. Astronomers also measure the dominant colors and the quantity of dust in our galaxy to match them with other galaxies. The large size and low density of superclusters means that The physics of their pulsations is such that the period of one oscillation is related to the luminosity of the star. The Andromeda Galaxy, also known as Messier 31 or M31, is a spiral galaxy located about 2.5 million light-years (2.410 19 km) from Earth.Located in the Andromeda constellation, it is the closest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way, where our solar system is, although it isn't the closest overall galaxy to the Milky Way.. The Milky Way has a relatively low surface brightness due to the gases and dust that fills the galactic disk. This created an intriguing streak of gas, dust and other materials flowing into the larger galaxy, visible even from Earth. The artist's concept also includes a new spiral arm, called the "Far-3 kiloparsec arm," discovered via a radio-telescope survey of gas in the Milky Way. Bar-shaped elongations of stars are observed in roughly two-thirds of all spiral galaxies. Spiral galaxies are thought to evolve into elliptical galaxiesas the spirals get older. And given that we are embedded within it, it has been historically difficult to ascertain our exact position. Since the beginning of its operations, the Gaia mission has provided three updates to its massive stellar catalog. The neutral hydrogen gas in our Galaxy emits light at a wavelength of 21 cm; while this light is invisible to our eyes, it is observable to radio telescopes. The Earth's galactic home, the Milky Way is a spiral galaxy that is constantly rotating. According to the American Museum of Natural History (opens in new tab) (AMNH), our galactic home is called the Milky Way after its apparent milky white appearance as it stretches across the night sky. The Milky Way, like all galaxies, is also surrounded by a vast halo of dark matter, which accounts for some 90% of its mass. There are several variations on this, many of which are used to measure distances to stars in other galaxies. Alister W. Graham and C. Clare Worley (2008). (opens in new tab)" Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 294.3 (1998): 429-438. There is also evidence (opens in new tab) that the Milky Way collided with several smaller galaxies during its evolution. By using these measurements, he estimated the mass of the galaxy, which he determined is different from the mass of visible stars. Our window into the universe, this milky white band of stars, dust and gas is where our galaxy gets its name. Calculations suggest that this puzzling stuff makes up to 90% of the galaxy's mass. Skip navigation and go straight to page content. When in Earths southern hemisphere, astronomers can see the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds which are considered to be satellite galaxies of the Milky Way. It has only been through decades of observation, reconstruction and comparison to other galaxies that they have been to get a clear picture of what the Milky Way looks like from the outside. Chicago/Wesleyan/JPL-Caltech). The Milky Way was born about 12.5 billion years ago and has been growing ever since. The Milky Way is a large barred spiral galaxy. Andromeda is moving closer to our Milky Way galaxy and its thought that it will collide with us in around 4 billion years. (Image credit: NASA/ESA/Hubble Heritage Team), according to a 2010 Hubble Space Telescope survey, On This Day In Space: Oct. 30, 1964: 1st Flight of the Lunar Landing Research Vehicle, 'Star Trek: Defiant' comic sees Worf and Spock form a dream team crew, Your monthly guide to stargazing & space science, Try a single issue or save on a subscription, Issues delivered straight to your door or device. It was only after many centuries of continued observation and calculations that we discovered that the Earth (and all other bodies in the Solar System) actually orbits the Sun. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04496-5. NASA Mars lander felt the ground shake during the impact while cameras aboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spotted the yawning new crater from space. Astronomers believe that the entire galaxy is embedded in an even larger halo of invisible dark matter. Astronomers first began to suspect that the Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy in the 1960s. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. In 2017, astronomers discovered an 11-billion-year-old ancient spiral galaxy called A1689B11. Similar to many of the small, inner moons of Saturn, Prometheus points its long axis at Saturn as if giving us directions to the planet. This Milky Way timelapse shows how the night sky will shift over time. This is a very sophisticated process because they have to calculate the galaxy mass and then the part of that mass that consists of the stars. Discover more about the Milky Way and other galaxies with this free learning material from the Open University (opens in new tab). Telescopes enabled astronomers to distinguish the basic shape and structure of some of the closest galaxies before they knew they were looking at galaxies. Andromeda Facts. 0 Roman will combine the power of imaging and spectroscopy to gain fresh insights into how the universe works Read the Release. There are many lines of evidence for the existence of black holes in spiral galaxy centers, including the presence of active nuclei in some spiral galaxies, and dynamical measurements that find large compact central masses in galaxies such as Messier 106. The Andromeda Galaxy is on a collision course with the Milky Way. The Earth's galactic home, the Milky Way is a spiral galaxy that is constantly rotating. That prevents us from seeing the bright galactic center or from observing clearly what is on the other side of it. Thank you for signing up to Space. Astronomers use more indirect methods beyond a few thousand light years. Galaxy Zoo; Galaxies elliptic, spiral, irregular Astronoo updated ngy 1 thng 6 nm 2013; trn YouTube BerkeleyLab/animated. The structure of the Milky Way galaxy as seen from above the galactic disk. Nobody knows precisely what dark matter is, but its mass has been inferred by observations of how fast the galaxy rotates and other general behaviors. The oldest stars that we have are in globular clusters, but some areas of the Milky Way, such as the disk and bulge didnt form until nearing 10-12 billion years ago. If you look up at night, you can see the milky band of light that crosses the sky. The Triangulum Galaxy is a spiral galaxy 2.73 million light-years (ly) from Earth in the constellation Triangulum.It is catalogued as Messier 33 or NGC (New General Catalogue) 598.With the D 25 isophotal diameter of 18.74 kiloparsecs (61,100 light-years), the Triangulum Galaxy is the third-largest member of the Local Group of galaxies, behind the Andromeda Galaxy and the Although the light year is a commonly used unit, astronomers prefer a different unit called the parsec (pc). But we do know that our Milky Way has a spiral nature from observations made from within our Galaxy (though whether or not it is a barred spiral is still being debated). [19], The first acceptable theory for the spiral structure was devised by C. C. Lin and Frank Shu in 1964,[20] attempting to explain the large-scale structure of spirals in terms of a small-amplitude wave propagating with fixed angular velocity, that revolves around the galaxy at a speed different from that of the galaxy's gas and stars. Around 90% of the mass of the Milky Way is dark matter that we cant see. Gaia data currently generates more research papers than even the famous Hubble Space Telescope. Related: Here's How Scientists Turned the World Into a Telescope (to See a Black Hole). t We now know that the Milky Way resides within the Local Group of galaxies, made up of over 30 galaxies including Andromeda, Triangulum and Leo I to name but a few. "A synthetic view on structure and evolution of the Milky Way. The Milky Way's mesmerizing glowing band has had humankind star-struck for eons. September 13, 2021 Release ID: 2021-030. Cepheids, named after Delta Cephei, the first and most luminous of its class to be identified, make excellent distance indicators, because of their periodicity and extraordinary brightness. The first astronomer to recognize that the band of light that was viewed in the celestial sky was actually stars was in Galileo Galilei in 1610. Milky Way. R 2 Heres 10 Interesting Facts about the Milky Way, How Big is the Milky Way?, What is the Closest Galaxy to the Milky Way?, and How Many Stars Are There in the Milky Way? History Early history. The most luminous Cepheids can be used to estimate distances to objects as far as 12,000,000 light years away. Learn more. Astronomers have agreed that the Milky Way probably has two major spiral arms Perseus arm and the Scutum-Centaurus arm with several smaller arms and spurs. On a clear night, void of light pollution, we can catch a glimpse of the bright lights of the galactic city streaking across the night sky. This image of Saturn's moon Titan from the Synthetic Aperture Radar instrument on the Cassini spacecraft shows Shikoku Facula, a region that is bright in both radar and visible wavelengths. One theory suggests the galaxy arms could be the result of density waves traveling through the outer disk. It also was Oort who determined the position of our sun in the vast galaxy. Astronomers place the age of the universe at around 13.7 billion years and the Milky Way at 13.6 billion years. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. About 4 million times the mass of the sun, this beast consumes anything that strays too close, gorging on an ample supply of stellar material enabling it to grow into a giant. The Milky Way contains a high amount of dust and gas wrapped around the central galactic bulge. de Vaucouleurs, G.; de Vaucouleurs, A.; Corwin, H. G., Jr.; Buta, R. J.; Paturel, G.; Fouqu, P. (2016). (The Oort Cloud, a repository of trillions of comets far from the sun, was named after him.). In 2022, we imaged this glutton at the core of our galaxy for the very first time, through an innovative technique allowing us to view the shadow of the black hole. EGS-zs8-1 is a high-redshift Lyman-break galaxy found at the northern constellation of Botes. The Milky Way is a large barred spiral galaxy. But we do know that our Milky Way has a spiral nature from observations made from within our Galaxy (though whether or not it is a barred spiral is still being debated). Stars therefore do not remain forever in the position that we now see them in, but pass through the arms as they travel in their orbits.[21]. But thanks to ongoing efforts, astronomers now know where our Sun resides in the galaxy. Here's How Scientists Turned the World Into a Telescope (to See a Black Hole), Photos: Gaia spacecraft mapping Milky Way galaxy, Star facts: The basics of star names and stellar evolution, When galaxies collide: Photos of great galactic crashes, A time-resolved picture of our Milky Way's early formation history. It measures 220,000 light years in diameter, and has an estimated 400-800 billion stars within it. In the past, astronomers thought that the Milky Way had four major arms that stretched out around the galaxy, however, we now know that there are only two major arms that are at the ends of the stars in the central bar area, and two minor arms. From this, and its apparent magnitude, we can calculate its distance. Before joining us, Daisy completed an editorial internship with the BBC Sky at Night Magazine and worked at the National Space Centre in Leicester, U.K., where she enjoyed communicating space science to the public. o In other words, don't look for star collisions, as they will be practically non-existent. Nearly 70 percent of the galaxies closest to the Milky Way are spirals. To give you an idea of distance, it takes the light from our neighbor galaxies around 2.5 million years to get to Earth. Several distinct components of galaxies comprise the halo: the stellar halo; the galactic corona (hot gas, i.e. The galaxy's visible matter is distributed between its 200 billion stars, their planets and the massive clouds of dust and gas that fill the interstellar space. For starters, the Milky Way is really, really big! The dark matter density drops off with distance from the galactic center. By using these measurements, he estimated the mass of the galaxy, which he determined is different from the mass of visible stars. But reconstructing the shape and structure of our own galactic home was slow and tedious. The largest of the group, as it got into a tight orbit with the other two, snagged some material with its relatively stronger gravity. I h Helmi, Amina. It lies about 8 kpc from the center on what is known as the Orion Arm of the Milky Way. The Milky Way contains a high amount of dust and gas wrapped around the central galactic bulge. Listen here, Episode 99: The Milky Way. Fact 3. We have a supermassive black hole at the central core of the Milky Way galaxy that is named Sagittarius A*. The Earth's galactic home, the Milky Way is a spiral galaxy that is constantly rotating. Sagittarius A*, taken by NASA's Chandra X-Ray Observatory. Roughly two-thirds of all spirals are observed to have an additional component in the form of a bar-like structure,[2] extending from the central bulge, at the ends of which the spiral arms begin. Bogdan C. Ciambur and Alister W. Graham (2016), Oldest spiral galaxy is a freak of cosmos, orbital velocity of stars in spiral galaxies, Timeline of knowledge about galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and large-scale structure, "Hubble and Galaxy Zoo Find Bars and Baby Galaxies Don't Mix", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Inclination- and dust-corrected galaxy parameters: bulge-to-disc ratios and size-luminosity relations, Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies, Galaxy Zoo: CANDELS barred discs and bar fractions, Astronomers detect double peanut shell galaxies, Quantifying the (X/peanut)-shaped structure in edge-on disc galaxies: length, strength, and nested peanuts, http://www.zmescience.com/space/oldest-spiral-galaxy-31321/, "Hubble Has Spotted an Ancient Galaxy That Shouldn't Exist", "Citizen scientists re-tune Hubble's galaxy classification". A couple of possibilities include smaller black holes getting quite large as they eat up dust and gas in the environment nearby; alternatively, smaller black holes may merge together and create something more monstrous. We are 25,000 light-years from the galaxy center and the best estimate that they can come up with is around 100 billion stars. Our Milky Way galaxy is speeding through space at around 343 mi/552 km per second. However, other than our own Milky Way, there are only three other galaxies that we can see as fuzzy images without a telescope. Several distinct components of galaxies comprise the halo: the stellar halo; the galactic corona (hot gas, i.e. The Earths galactic home, the Milky Way is a spiral galaxy that is constantly rotating. + View animation (QuickTime) The artist's concept also includes a new spiral arm, called the "Far-3 kiloparsec arm," discovered via a radio-telescope survey of gas in the Milky Way. If youd like more info on the Milky Way, check out Hubblesites News Releases on Galaxies, and heres NASAs Science Page on Galaxies. According to scientists, about 7 new stars are born in the galaxy every single year. It became its current size and shape by eating up other galaxies, and is still doing so today. Number of stars: about 200 billion And if you have a news tip, correction or comment, let us know at: community@space.com. Situated as the third planet away from the Sun in our solar system, the reality is that Earths position has proven to be the ideal habitat for humans and other animals to live. Other molecules like carbon monoxide also emit radio waves. Image Credit: The Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes, La Palma, and Simon Dye (Cardiff University). The Milky Way was once considered an ordinary spiral galaxy. "Mass models of the Milky Way. [citation needed This may sound like a lot but as we expand out we find that the Local Group is part of an every bigger group known as the Virgo Supercluster. The Milky Way Galaxy and Statistical Cosmology, 18901924. July 2, 2004 These graphs illustrate wind strength (bottom) and temperature abo Phoebe delivers on its promise to reveal new wonders to Cassini by showing probable evidence of an ice-rich body overlain with a thin layer of dark material. This Hubble image shows galaxy NGC 7773, an example of a barred spiral galaxy thought to be similar to the Milky Way. In July 2015, EGS-zs8-1 was surpassed by EGSY8p7 (EGSY-2008532660). The bulk of the stars in a spiral galaxy are located either close to a single plane (the galactic plane) in more or less conventional circular orbits around the center of the galaxy (the Galactic Center), or in a spheroidal galactic bulge around the galactic core. Heres why you can trust us. The Milky Way was once considered an ordinary spiral galaxy. Several distinct components of galaxies comprise the halo: the stellar halo; the galactic corona (hot gas, i.e. The Milky Way Galaxy is our home galaxy in the universe. Generally speaking, use a tripod, set your equipment for a timelapse mode and be prepared to experiment with different focuses and different lenses. This arm measures 3,500 light-years across and is 10,000 light-years in length, where it breaks off from the Sagittarius Arm. The Earth's galactic home, the Milky Way is a spiral galaxy that is constantly rotating. This map is part of a group release of Mercator and polar stereographic projections of Saturn's moon Phoebe. You will receive a verification email shortly. On one side of the debate, Shapley believed the Milky Way was much larger than previous estimates and that we weren't at the center. A galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter. All the stars we see in the night sky are in our own Milky Way Galaxy. Good Milky Way images tend to make use of the landscape in creative ways, so look for interesting and prominent natural features like mountains, boulders or rock shapes. Fact 1. The problem is that Earth and our solar system is located on one of the outer arms and we cant get a really good view. As a result, stars in the galactic disk tend to be much younger than those in the bulge. Shapley's first estimate of the radius of the Milky Way was off by a factor of 2, but he made an important first step in understanding the nature of our Galaxy. (See the Nearest Stars page for more information on Hipparcos measurements.). Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, Learn more. February 27, 2002 Inverse-square law: The apparent brightness or magnitude of a star depends both on its intrinsic brightness or luminosity (how bright the star actually is rather than how bright it seems) and its distance from us. The Milky Way is a large barred spiral galaxy. (Image credit: Yang Hanwen and Zhou Zezhen ), A future collision of galactic proportions. h This view of Ceres, taken by NASA's Dawn spacecraft on December 10, 2015, shows an area in the southern mid-latitudes of the dwarf planet. The last time the Solar System was in this position in the Milky Way, there were still dinosaurs on Earth. The LinShu theory introduces the idea of long-lived quasistatic spiral structure (QSSS hypothesis). Around the world, the Milky Way is known by different names. For the type of logic puzzle, see. A dwarf galaxy is a small galaxy composed of about 1000 up to several billion stars, as compared to the Milky Way's 200400 billion stars. The next step is to decide on an average stars mass to figure out the total number of stars. The Milky Way contains a high amount of dust and gas wrapped around the central galactic bulge. The short story is there is little to worry about; the longer tale is the process is an interesting one as it shows how galaxies may evolve. The James Webb Space Telescope has given scientists the ability to collect information on a number of star types that existed far back in the early galaxy development. [29][30] Their suspicions were confirmed by Spitzer Space Telescope observations in 2005,[31] which showed that the Milky Way's central bar is larger than what was previously suspected. Scientists have used a number of different models to estimate the number of stars in our galaxy, including computer models. Tell me more about galaxies; Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, The motion pattern matched what scientists had previously seen in computer simulations of galactic collisions. These spiral arms contain a wealth of gas and dust and younger stars that shine brightly before their quick demise. He also claimed that "spiral nebulae" such as Andromeda were a part of the Milky Way. (opens in new tab)" Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 58 (2020): 205-256. It is also the largest galaxy of what is called This image makes the Milky Way appear much more galaxy-like and less like the smudge of stars we see stretching across our night sky. Milky Way. The rotation curve, which describes the motion of the galaxy can be used to determine the amount of mass within a given radius from the center. In truth, all the pictures that depict our galaxy are either artists renditions or pictures of other spiral galaxies, and not the result of direct observation of the whole. To represent this, the beautiful spiral galaxy Messier 74 was used, as it thought to be a similar galaxy to ours. This article was updated on Nov. 19, 2018 by Space.com Contributor, Elizabeth Howell. NASAs New Horizons spacecraft did a flyby of Pluto in 2015 and is exploring beyond Neptune to the Kuiper Belt where it will eventually exit the solar system. Its almost mind boggling to think about the idea that our Earth is rotating around the sun, the sun is moving in the Milky Way galaxy, the Milky Way is part of the Local Group that is moving relative to the CMB (Cosmic Microwave Background) which is leftover radiation from the Big Band. Surface brightness, colors and integrated magnitudes of the Clouds. (Image credit: NASA/CXC/Caltech/M.Muno et al.). The next full Moon will be Tuesday morning, November 8, 2022 at 6:02 AM EST. While the arms of the Milky Way will surely be ripped up by this process, individual stars are relatively safe as the spaces between them are quite large. This Hubble image shows galaxy NGC 7773, an example of a barred spiral galaxy thought to be similar to the Milky Way. The Milky Way contains a high amount of dust and gas wrapped around the central galactic bulge. Using the Hubble classification, the bulge of Sa galaxies is usually composed of Population II stars, which are old, red stars with low metal content. Computer models based on that assumption indicate that BX442's spiral structure will last about 100million years. And yet, our galaxy is only a middle-weight when compared to other galaxies in the local Universe. Astronomers sometimes compare the effort to attempting to describe the size and structure of a forest while being lost in the middle of it. Since one light year is about 9.5 x 1012 km (9.5 trillion km) long, the diameter of the Milky Way galaxy is about 9.5 x 1017 to 11.4 x 1017 km, or 9,500 to 11,400 quadrillion km. The Milky Way contains a high amount of dust and gas wrapped around the central galactic bulge. Astronomers noted that this situation occurs in the arms of other spiral galaxies and helped to confirm the shape of our own Milky Way. The galactic halo also contains many globular clusters. Its central massive object is a supermassive black hole of about 4 million solar masses, which is called Sagittarius A*, a compact radio source which is almost exactly at the galactic rotational center. A closer look at what goes into wrapping up the mission as the spacecrafts power supply continues to dwindle. If you can, get to your site in the daytime as you will likely want to scout the area for the best angles. This constant pulling changes the frequency of the hydrogen gas in our galaxy. We have written many articles about the Milky Way for Universe Today. The Galactic Center is the rotational center, the barycenter, of the Milky Way galaxy. Tour the Milky Way with Gaia Sky (opens in new tab), a real-time, 3D, astronomy visualization software that uses ESA's Gaia mission data. All the stars we see in the night sky are in our own Milky Way Galaxy. In this hypothesis, the spiral pattern rotates in a particular angular frequency (pattern speed), whereas And within that bulge, exists a large black hole (see slide #8). The Milky Way contains a high amount of dust and gas wrapped around the central galactic bulge. As the compression wave goes through, it triggers star formation on the leading edge of the spiral arms.
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